建筑工程設計中融合應用綠色建筑設計理念的策略

來源：建科 瀏覽：- 發布日期：2024-03-06 09:03:57

在(zai)我(wo)國建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑行業不(bu)斷發展(zhan)的過程(cheng)中(zhong)，越(yue)來越(yue)關(guan)注(zhu)節(jie)(jie)能(neng)環(huan)保(bao)，同時(shi)(shi)人們對居(ju)住(zhu)環(huan)境也提出越(yue)來越(yue)嚴(yan)格(ge)的要求(qiu)。建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑工程(cheng)設(she)(she)計也要與時(shi)(shi)俱進，根(gen)據(ju)行業發展(zhan)趨(qu)勢(shi)，關(guan)注(zhu)將綠色建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑設(she)(she)計理念全(quan)面滲透于工程(cheng)設(she)(she)計中(zhong)，促使建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑物不(bu)僅具備實(shi)用性(xing)，更突顯節(jie)(jie)能(neng)性(xing)，還兼具舒(shu)適(shi)及美觀性(xing)。建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑工程(cheng)設(she)(she)計在(zai)綠色建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑設(she)(she)計理念引導下，應始終遵循先進性(xing)、舒(shu)適(shi)性(xing)、協調(diao)性(xing)、全(quan)面性(xing)、因地制(zhi)宜以及經(jing)濟性(xing)等原則，合理搭(da)建(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)計框架(jia)，優選節(jie)(jie)能(neng)環(huan)保(bao)型(xing)材(cai)料，充分利用可再生(sheng)(sheng)能(neng)源，關(guan)注(zhu)使用綠色植物，為(wei)建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑用戶營造穩定、舒(shu)適(shi)的生(sheng)(sheng)活居(ju)住(zhu)環(huan)境。

1、完善的搭建設計框架

要(yao)(yao)在(zai)(zai)建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)設(she)(she)(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)中融合(he)應(ying)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)綠色(se)建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)設(she)(she)(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)理(li)(li)念，要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)設(she)(she)(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)人(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)先結合(he)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)項目(mu)(mu)實(shi)際情(qing)況(kuang)詳細分析(xi)建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)物(wu)(wu)整(zheng)體(ti)(ti)結構(gou)，完善設(she)(she)(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)框架，并(bing)(bing)對(dui)結構(gou)設(she)(she)(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)加(jia)(jia)大掌(zhang)控力度。在(zai)(zai)建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)設(she)(she)(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)之(zhi)前，需要(yao)(yao)設(she)(she)(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)人(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)先充分掌(zhang)握工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)現場實(shi)際情(qing)況(kuang)，分析(xi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)所處地(di)區(qu)的(de)特點，根據(ju)項目(mu)(mu)地(di)理(li)(li)位(wei)置，結合(he)相關數據(ju)分析(xi)結果明確(que)項目(mu)(mu)所在(zai)(zai)地(di)及(ji)周(zhou)邊自(zi)然環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)情(qing)況(kuang)及(ji)變(bian)化趨勢，同(tong)時還(huan)要(yao)(yao)注(zhu)(zhu)意(yi)了(le)解工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)周(zhou)邊建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)群落(luo)(luo)與河流等的(de)分布情(qing)況(kuang)及(ji)覆蓋(gai)面積等，在(zai)(zai)對(dui)各種因素進(jin)行全方位(wei)考量的(de)前提(ti)下科學劃定項目(mu)(mu)施工(gong)(gong)(gong)位(wei)置，盡量使(shi)(shi)建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)處于(yu)(yu)河流和(he)其他建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)群落(luo)(luo)之(zhi)間(jian)交匯(hui)部位(wei)，以(yi)滿(man)足(zu)建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)戶對(dui)周(zhou)邊環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)提(ti)出(chu)的(de)生態需求(qiu)，并(bing)(bing)更(geng)加(jia)(jia)方便、高效地(di)利用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)自(zi)然資(zi)源。在(zai)(zai)建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)設(she)(she)(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)中，還(huan)要(yao)(yao)考慮使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)戶居住(zhu)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)擁有(you)良好的(de)通風(feng)條件與采光效果，使(shi)(shi)建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)戶能夠充分、方便地(di)享受優(you)質自(zi)然環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)。設(she)(she)(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)人(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)基于(yu)(yu)綠色(se)建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)設(she)(she)(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)理(li)(li)念進(jin)行建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)設(she)(she)(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)，要(yao)(yao)考慮通過優(you)化設(she)(she)(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)節約(yue)資(zi)源消(xiao)耗，促(cu)進(jin)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)和(he)自(zi)然環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)之(zhi)間(jian)的(de)平(ping)衡、協(xie)調。如設(she)(she)(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)人(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)在(zai)(zai)設(she)(she)(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)高層建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)期間(jian)，要(yao)(yao)注(zhu)(zhu)意(yi)使(shi)(shi)建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)物(wu)(wu)和(he)當(dang)地(di)自(zi)然風(feng)俗習慣(guan)相適應(ying)，所選建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)材(cai)料(liao)和(he)材(cai)質應(ying)符合(he)當(dang)地(di)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)，并(bing)(bing)在(zai)(zai)多方考慮影響因素的(de)基礎上設(she)(she)(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)物(wu)(wu)整(zheng)體(ti)(ti)結構(gou)，關注(zhu)(zhu)成(cheng)本管控，保(bao)證項目(mu)(mu)設(she)(she)(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)更(geng)具經濟(ji)性。另外，設(she)(she)(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)中還(huan)要(yao)(yao)注(zhu)(zhu)意(yi)合(he)理(li)(li)應(ying)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)各項資(zi)源，在(zai)(zai)設(she)(she)(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)全過程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)貫(guan)穿滲(shen)透綠色(se)設(she)(she)(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)理(li)(li)念，促(cu)使(shi)(shi)建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)和(he)周(zhou)邊地(di)理(li)(li)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)協(xie)調統一。

2、優選節能環保型材料

要(yao)在(zai)(zai)建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程設(she)(she)(she)計(ji)中(zhong)融(rong)合(he)運(yun)用綠色建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)設(she)(she)(she)計(ji)理(li)(li)念(nian)(nian)，要(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)設(she)(she)(she)計(ji)人員在(zai)(zai)選(xuan)定施工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)期(qi)間綜合(he)考慮，結合(he)自身豐富(fu)的(de)(de)設(she)(she)(she)計(ji)經驗，優(you)選(xuan)節(jie)能(neng)環(huan)(huan)(huan)保(bao)型(xing)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)。首先，要(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)設(she)(she)(she)計(ji)人員科學構(gou)建(jian)(jian)(jian)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程施工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)體(ti)系(xi)，并在(zai)(zai)各項設(she)(she)(she)計(ji)環(huan)(huan)(huan)節(jie)全(quan)面貫徹綠色建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)設(she)(she)(she)計(ji)理(li)(li)念(nian)(nian)，以(yi)最大程度發揮能(neng)源(yuan)價(jia)(jia)值。同(tong)時，還要(yao)優(you)選(xuan)對自然環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)影響較小的(de)(de)建(jian)(jian)(jian)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)，以(yi)有效控制環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)污染，具體(ti)是(shi)在(zai)(zai)施工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)選(xuan)擇期(qi)間注(zhu)意(yi)結合(he)建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程實(shi)際情況合(he)理(li)(li)選(xuan)定材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)規(gui)格(ge)，確(que)保(bao)各施工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)環(huan)(huan)(huan)節(jie)所用材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)均(jun)符合(he)實(shi)際要(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)，減少(shao)資源(yuan)浪(lang)費，并充分發揮建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)價(jia)(jia)值。同(tong)時在(zai)(zai)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)應用中(zhong)，也(ye)要(yao)采(cai)用綠色建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)設(she)(she)(she)計(ji)理(li)(li)念(nian)(nian)，對此要(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)設(she)(she)(she)計(ji)人員統一、規(gui)范地選(xuan)用施工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)，結合(he)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程設(she)(she)(she)計(ji)詳細(xi)的(de)(de)情況確(que)定施工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)各項參數，為材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)采(cai)購(gou)(gou)人員提供完(wan)整的(de)(de)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)購(gou)(gou)置標準，保(bao)證后續(xu)施工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)采(cai)購(gou)(gou)環(huan)(huan)(huan)節(jie)順利進(jin)行(xing)，以(yi)防購(gou)(gou)入質量(liang)不合(he)格(ge)或規(gui)格(ge)不匹配(pei)的(de)(de)施工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)。但需要(yao)注(zhu)意(yi)，在(zai)(zai)建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程設(she)(she)(she)計(ji)環(huan)(huan)(huan)節(jie)不能(neng)盲目地壓縮工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程造價(jia)(jia)，應在(zai)(zai)確(que)保(bao)施工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)質量(liang)可靠的(de)(de)前提下優(you)選(xuan)具有更高經濟性的(de)(de)綠色施工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)。

3、積極利用可再生能源

要(yao)在建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)設(she)(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)環(huan)(huan)節(jie)融合(he)滲透綠色(se)(se)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)設(she)(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)理(li)(li)念(nian)，還應(ying)積極利用可再生(sheng)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源，比如太(tai)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)、地熱能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)等。比如設(she)(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)人員(yuan)在暖(nuan)(nuan)通(tong)(tong)(tong)空(kong)調(diao)設(she)(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)期間，可通(tong)(tong)(tong)過被動式(shi)設(she)(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)理(li)(li)念(nian)合(he)理(li)(li)應(ying)用太(tai)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)，以打(da)造(zao)綠色(se)(se)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)、具體(ti)(ti)可結合(he)工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)情況(kuang)以及所在地光(guang)照條(tiao)件(jian)選擇(ze)恰(qia)當的(de)位(wei)置(zhi)設(she)(she)(she)置(zhi)太(tai)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)接收板，以便采集(ji)太(tai)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)，同步將太(tai)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)進行轉化處理(li)(li)獲得熱力(li)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源，應(ying)用在建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)物的(de)采暖(nuan)(nuan)系(xi)統(tong)中，實(shi)現綠色(se)(se)采暖(nuan)(nuan)。在實(shi)際設(she)(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)中，要(yao)先建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)立以太(tai)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)為基礎的(de)暖(nuan)(nuan)通(tong)(tong)(tong)空(kong)調(diao)系(xi)統(tong)，同步配備(bei)熱交換設(she)(she)(she)備(bei)、熱導(dao)循環(huan)(huan)系(xi)統(tong)以及溫度控(kong)制器(qi)等硬件(jian)設(she)(she)(she)施，在相關設(she)(she)(she)備(bei)功能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)作(zuo)用發揮下促(cu)使太(tai)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)轉化成熱能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)，而后經熱導(dao)循環(huan)(huan)系(xi)統(tong)向換熱設(she)(she)(she)備(bei)方向傳輸熱能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)，之后經溫度控(kong)制器(qi)對(dui)室內溫度進行合(he)理(li)(li)調(diao)節(jie)，為建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)用戶營造(zao)舒適、自然(ran)的(de)居住環(huan)(huan)境(jing)。而到(dao)了陰(yin)雨(yu)天(tian)，建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)暖(nuan)(nuan)通(tong)(tong)(tong)空(kong)調(diao)系(xi)統(tong)將自動化地切換到(dao)普通(tong)(tong)(tong)供(gong)熱設(she)(she)(she)備(bei)，保證建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)物能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)夠長期、可靠地供(gong)暖(nuan)(nuan)。在大型綠色(se)(se)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)設(she)(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)中，設(she)(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)人員(yuan)還要(yao)根據建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)結構特點以及太(tai)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)的(de)優勢，在條(tiao)件(jian)允(yun)許的(de)情況(kuang)下把(ba)常(chang)規窗(chuang)戶玻(bo)(bo)璃(li)替換成雙(shuang)層(ceng)玻(bo)(bo)璃(li)，其(qi)中內置(zhi)惰(duo)性氣體(ti)(ti)，以增(zeng)強熱量吸收力(li)，合(he)理(li)(li)降低暖(nuan)(nuan)通(tong)(tong)(tong)空(kong)調(diao)使用頻率，有(you)效節(jie)約能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源，達到(dao)節(jie)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)降耗的(de)目標。