綠色建筑節能技術的應用

來源：建(jian)科 瀏覽：- 發布日期(qi)：2025-06-20 10:06:10

節(jie)能技術的(de)應用，是緩解(jie)能源需求與(yu)能源供給(gei)矛盾的(de)重要措施和有效(xiao)手段，因此打造綠色建(jian)筑，需要結(jie)合建(jian)筑工程建(jian)設需求，合理應用節(jie)能技術，確保(bao)節(jie)能效(xiao)果(guo)，降低能源消耗。

1、屋面節能施工技術

對(dui)(dui)于建筑工程(cheng)而(er)(er)(er)言(yan)，屋面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)是(shi)重(zhong)要(yao)組成(cheng)部分(fen)(fen)，屋面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)節(jie)能(neng)(neng)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)的(de)應(ying)(ying)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)，對(dui)(dui)于減低(di)建筑能(neng)(neng)耗(hao)(hao)(hao)具有(you)十分(fen)(fen)重(zhong)要(yao)的(de)意義 。屋面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)節(jie)能(neng)(neng)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)主要(yao)包括(kuo)屋面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)綠(lv)(lv)(lv)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)以及(ji)蓄水(shui)(shui)屋面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)等(deng)，對(dui)(dui)于屋面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)綠(lv)(lv)(lv)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)而(er)(er)(er)言(yan)，合(he)理應(ying)(ying)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)該技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)，不僅能(neng)(neng)夠起(qi)(qi)(qi)到(dao)降(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)低(di)建筑能(neng)(neng)耗(hao)(hao)(hao)的(de)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)，而(er)(er)(er)且還能(neng)(neng)夠起(qi)(qi)(qi)到(dao)美化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)與(yu)改善城市(shi)環境的(de)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)，因此(ci)屋面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)綠(lv)(lv)(lv)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)的(de)應(ying)(ying)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)效果十分(fen)(fen)顯著。簡單來講，屋面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)綠(lv)(lv)(lv)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)就是(shi)指(zhi)利用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)屋面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)空間種(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)綠(lv)(lv)(lv)植(zhi)(zhi)，如(ru)花草、蔬菜等(deng)。在屋面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)種(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)綠(lv)(lv)(lv)植(zhi)(zhi)，可(ke)以借(jie)助綠(lv)(lv)(lv)植(zhi)(zhi)起(qi)(qi)(qi)到(dao)隔熱保溫(wen)的(de)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)，進而(er)(er)(er)能(neng)(neng)夠降(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)低(di)屋面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)溫(wen)度，同時還可(ke)以促進建筑周(zhou)圍溫(wen)度下降(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)，這樣(yang)一來便可(ke)以降(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)低(di)建筑降(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)溫(wen)的(de)能(neng)(neng)耗(hao)(hao)(hao)。除(chu)此(ci)之外，在冬季，綠(lv)(lv)(lv)植(zhi)(zhi)枯(ku)死，并且土壤(rang)干燥，借(jie)助枯(ku)死的(de)綠(lv)(lv)(lv)植(zhi)(zhi)和干燥的(de)土壤(rang)，還可(ke)以對(dui)(dui)屋面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)起(qi)(qi)(qi)到(dao)保溫(wen)的(de)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)，降(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)低(di)建筑取暖的(de)能(neng)(neng)耗(hao)(hao)(hao)。因此(ci)屋面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)綠(lv)(lv)(lv)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)的(de)應(ying)(ying)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)有(you)助于降(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)低(di)建筑能(neng)(neng)耗(hao)(hao)(hao)，同時也(ye)能(neng)(neng)起(qi)(qi)(qi)到(dao)增(zeng)加城市(shi)綠(lv)(lv)(lv)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)積，改善城市(shi)環境等(deng)方(fang)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)的(de)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)。但(dan)是(shi)該技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)的(de)應(ying)(ying)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)也(ye)存在一定的(de)弊端，如(ru)容易(yi)對(dui)(dui)屋面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)結構造成(cheng)破壞等(deng)。對(dui)(dui)于蓄水(shui)(shui)屋面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)而(er)(er)(er)言(yan)，即在屋面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)防水(shui)(shui)層上蓄水(shui)(shui)，借(jie)助水(shui)(shui)分(fen)(fen)蒸發來降(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)低(di)屋面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)溫(wen)度。蓄水(shui)(shui)屋面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)可(ke)以起(qi)(qi)(qi)到(dao)有(you)效的(de)隔熱作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)，因此(ci)能(neng)(neng)夠降(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)低(di)建筑溫(wen)度調節(jie)的(de)能(neng)(neng)耗(hao)(hao)(hao)，同時屋面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)蓄水(shui)(shui)還可(ke)以對(dui)(dui)屋面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)的(de)混(hun)凝土結構起(qi)(qi)(qi)到(dao)有(you)效地保護，避免(mian)混(hun)凝土遭受(shou)暴曬。但(dan)是(shi)應(ying)(ying)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)屋面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)蓄水(shui)(shui)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)需(xu)要(yao)做好屋面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)防水(shui)(shui)，避免(mian)發生滲漏(lou)。

2、門窗節能施工技術

對于建筑物來講，門窗是其進行熱交換的主要結構，同時也會對建筑采光效果產生重要影響。但是門窗屬于建筑保溫的薄弱環節，通常情況下，門窗都是建筑熱能損耗最大的部位，而建筑熱能損耗則會增加建筑取暖能耗，因此在綠色建筑設計和(he)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)過(guo)程(cheng)中(zhong)，需要注(zhu)重對門(men)(men)(men)窗(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)節(jie)(jie)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)技術的(de)(de)(de)(de)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)用(yong)，要結合(he)(he)建(jian)(jian)筑工(gong)程(cheng)所在(zai)(zai)地(di)的(de)(de)(de)(de)氣候(hou)等(deng)(deng)方(fang)(fang)面因(yin)(yin)素，合(he)(he)理選擇門(men)(men)(men)窗(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)材料(liao)以(yi)及施(shi)(shi)工(gong)方(fang)(fang)法等(deng)(deng)，這(zhe)樣才能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)更(geng)好地(di)保(bao)障節(jie)(jie)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)果。以(yi)塑(su)(su)鋼(gang)門(men)(men)(men)窗(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)為(wei)(wei)例，塑(su)(su)鋼(gang)門(men)(men)(men)窗(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)用(yong)十分廣泛，塑(su)(su)鋼(gang)門(men)(men)(men)窗(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)主要材料(liao)為(wei)(wei)聚(ju)氯乙烯樹(shu)脂，同時(shi)還(huan)借助(zhu)紫外線吸收劑(ji)以(yi)及穩定劑(ji)等(deng)(deng)，支撐門(men)(men)(men)窗(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)框扇(shan)，再配合(he)(he)密(mi)(mi)封膠條、毛條等(deng)(deng)共同構(gou)成塑(su)(su)鋼(gang)門(men)(men)(men)窗(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)。塑(su)(su)鋼(gang)門(men)(men)(men)窗(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)具有較(jiao)強(qiang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)密(mi)(mi)封性(xing)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)，因(yin)(yin)此(ci)保(bao)溫(wen)(wen)效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)果顯著(zhu)，有助(zhu)于(yu)(yu)(yu)降(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)低(di)建(jian)(jian)筑熱量的(de)(de)(de)(de)損耗(hao)(hao)。塑(su)(su)鋼(gang)門(men)(men)(men)窗(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)屬于(yu)(yu)(yu)不(bu)燃材質，并(bing)(bing)且具有導電的(de)(de)(de)(de)特點，因(yin)(yin)此(ci)塑(su)(su)鋼(gang)門(men)(men)(men)窗(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)用(yong)安全性(xing)更(geng)高。塑(su)(su)鋼(gang)門(men)(men)(men)窗(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)耐候(hou)性(xing)以(yi)及抗腐蝕性(xing)較(jiao)強(qiang)，因(yin)(yin)此(ci)使(shi)用(yong)壽(shou)命長，有助(zhu)于(yu)(yu)(yu)降(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)低(di)門(men)(men)(men)窗(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)更(geng)換幾率，可(ke)以(yi)起(qi)到一(yi)定的(de)(de)(de)(de)節(jie)(jie)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)作(zuo)用(yong)。但是塑(su)(su)鋼(gang)門(men)(men)(men)窗(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)通(tong)常(chang)造價較(jiao)高，并(bing)(bing)且自(zi)身的(de)(de)(de)(de)材質無法降(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)解，這(zhe)些因(yin)(yin)素都會(hui)在(zai)(zai)一(yi)定程(cheng)度(du)上(shang)影響塑(su)(su)鋼(gang)門(men)(men)(men)窗(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)用(yong)范圍。再以(yi)鍍(du)(du)(du)膜(mo)(mo)玻(bo)(bo)(bo)璃(li)(li)(li)為(wei)(wei)例，在(zai)(zai)建(jian)(jian)筑工(gong)程(cheng)設計(ji)和(he)建(jian)(jian)設過(guo)程(cheng)中(zhong)，應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)用(yong)鍍(du)(du)(du)膜(mo)(mo)玻(bo)(bo)(bo)璃(li)(li)(li)可(ke)以(yi)起(qi)到有效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)節(jie)(jie)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)果。與普通(tong)玻(bo)(bo)(bo)璃(li)(li)(li)相比，鍍(du)(du)(du)膜(mo)(mo)玻(bo)(bo)(bo)璃(li)(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)反射(she)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力更(geng)強(qiang)，這(zhe)使(shi)得太陽光(guang)對建(jian)(jian)筑室(shi)內(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)環(huan)境的(de)(de)(de)(de)影響更(geng)低(di)。除此(ci)之外，鍍(du)(du)(du)膜(mo)(mo)玻(bo)(bo)(bo)璃(li)(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)優勢還(huan)體現(xian)在(zai)(zai)減輕(qing)眩光(guang)等(deng)(deng)方(fang)(fang)面。應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)用(yong)鍍(du)(du)(du)膜(mo)(mo)玻(bo)(bo)(bo)璃(li)(li)(li)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)夠營造出更(geng)好的(de)(de)(de)(de)室(shi)內(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)環(huan)境，因(yin)(yin)此(ci)有助(zhu)于(yu)(yu)(yu)降(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)低(di)建(jian)(jian)筑室(shi)內(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)環(huan)境調(diao)節(jie)(jie)的(de)(de)(de)(de)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)耗(hao)(hao)。鍍(du)(du)(du)膜(mo)(mo)玻(bo)(bo)(bo)璃(li)(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)反射(she)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力強(qiang)，這(zhe)會(hui)在(zai)(zai)一(yi)定程(cheng)度(du)上(shang)影響室(shi)內(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)采光(guang)效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)果，增加室(shi)內(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)照(zhao)(zhao)明(ming)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)耗(hao)(hao)。因(yin)(yin)此(ci)在(zai)(zai)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)用(yong)鍍(du)(du)(du)膜(mo)(mo)玻(bo)(bo)(bo)璃(li)(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)過(guo)程(cheng)中(zhong)要合(he)(he)理把控(kong)鍍(du)(du)(du)膜(mo)(mo)玻(bo)(bo)(bo)璃(li)(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)反射(she)率，通(tong)常(chang)情(qing)況下應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)盡(jin)量選用(yong)低(di)輻射(she)玻(bo)(bo)(bo)璃(li)(li)(li)，這(zhe)種玻(bo)(bo)(bo)璃(li)(li)(li)既能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)保(bao)障對太陽輻射(she)熱能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)反射(she)效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)果，而不(bu)會(hui)影響玻(bo)(bo)(bo)璃(li)(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)透(tou)光(guang)率，因(yin)(yin)此(ci)可(ke)以(yi)保(bao)障建(jian)(jian)筑室(shi)內(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)采光(guang)效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)果。低(di)輻射(she)玻(bo)(bo)(bo)璃(li)(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)用(yong)，既能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)降(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)低(di)建(jian)(jian)筑室(shi)內(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)溫(wen)(wen)度(du)調(diao)節(jie)(jie)的(de)(de)(de)(de)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)耗(hao)(hao)，也能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)降(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)低(di)室(shi)內(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)照(zhao)(zhao)明(ming)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)耗(hao)(hao)，因(yin)(yin)此(ci)其應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)用(yong)效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)果十分顯著(zhu)。在(zai)(zai)實際的(de)(de)(de)(de)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)用(yong)過(guo)程(cheng)中(zhong)，為(wei)(wei)了使(shi)低(di)輻射(she)玻(bo)(bo)(bo)璃(li)(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)用(yong)最大化(hua)，應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)結合(he)(he)建(jian)(jian)筑朝向以(yi)及建(jian)(jian)筑所在(zai)(zai)地(di)區的(de)(de)(de)(de)環(huan)境特點等(deng)(deng)，合(he)(he)理選用(yong)不(bu)同類型的(de)(de)(de)(de)低(di)輻射(she)玻(bo)(bo)(bo)璃(li)(li)(li)，確保(bao)其應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)用(yong)效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)果，提(ti)(ti)升(sheng)建(jian)(jian)筑節(jie)(jie)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)性(xing)。在(zai)(zai)建(jian)(jian)筑工(gong)程(cheng)門(men)(men)(men)窗(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)過(guo)程(cheng)中(zhong)，還(huan)可(ke)采用(yong)雙(shuang)層(ceng)(ceng)玻(bo)(bo)(bo)璃(li)(li)(li)結構(gou)來降(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)低(di)建(jian)(jian)筑能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)耗(hao)(hao)。相較(jiao)于(yu)(yu)(yu)單層(ceng)(ceng)玻(bo)(bo)(bo)璃(li)(li)(li)，雙(shuang)層(ceng)(ceng)玻(bo)(bo)(bo)璃(li)(li)(li)結構(gou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)傳熱系數(shu)更(geng)低(di)，有助(zhu)于(yu)(yu)(yu)降(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)低(di)室(shi)內(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)溫(wen)(wen)度(du)損耗(hao)(hao)，提(ti)(ti)升(sheng)建(jian)(jian)筑保(bao)溫(wen)(wen)效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)果。雙(shuang)層(ceng)(ceng)玻(bo)(bo)(bo)璃(li)(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)用(yong)優勢顯著(zhu)，不(bu)僅體現(xian)在(zai)(zai)保(bao)溫(wen)(wen)效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)果好方(fang)(fang)面，而且還(huan)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)提(ti)(ti)升(sheng)建(jian)(jian)筑隔音效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)果等(deng)(deng)。

3、墻體節能技術

墻(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)同樣(yang)是影響建筑(zhu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)耗的主(zhu)要因(yin)素，墻(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)的傳熱(re)(re)(re)系(xi)(xi)數(shu)，墻(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)的熱(re)(re)(re)惰性指(zhi)標以(yi)及(ji)墻(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)對太陽輻射的吸(xi)收系(xi)(xi)數(shu)等都會在很(hen)大(da)程度上影響建筑(zhu)的能(neng)(neng)(neng)耗。比如(ru)墻(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)的傳熱(re)(re)(re)系(xi)(xi)數(shu)越(yue)(yue)大(da)，則建筑(zhu)的熱(re)(re)(re)能(neng)(neng)(neng)損耗也就越(yue)(yue)大(da)，建筑(zhu)的取(qu)暖(nuan)能(neng)(neng)(neng)耗也會隨之提(ti)(ti)升(sheng)。建筑(zhu)墻(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)節能(neng)(neng)(neng)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)的應(ying)(ying)用，則可(ke)以(yi)改善墻(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)結構，提(ti)(ti)升(sheng)墻(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)溫(wen)(wen)隔熱(re)(re)(re)能(neng)(neng)(neng)力，進而降低建筑(zhu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)耗。如(ru)將(jiang)空心板(ban)(ban)、陶(tao)板(ban)(ban)等作(zuo)(zuo)為墻(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)材(cai)料(liao)，或者設置智能(neng)(neng)(neng)呼吸(xi)式(shi)(shi)幕墻(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)等，這(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)些都屬于墻(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)節能(neng)(neng)(neng)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)范(fan)疇(chou)。除此(ci)之外(wai)，墻(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)節能(neng)(neng)(neng)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)還(huan)包括外(wai)墻(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)溫(wen)(wen)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)，外(wai)墻(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)溫(wen)(wen)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)通常會采用外(wai)墻(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)外(wai)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)溫(wen)(wen)的形(xing)式(shi)(shi)，這(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)種(zhong)形(xing)式(shi)(shi)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)溫(wen)(wen)效(xiao)(xiao)果(guo)更(geng)佳，并且不會占用建筑(zhu)室內空間(jian)(jian)，因(yin)此(ci)其(qi)得到了廣(guang)泛的應(ying)(ying)用。圍(wei)墻(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)外(wai)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)溫(wen)(wen)的形(xing)式(shi)(shi)主(zhu)要有EPS板(ban)(ban)薄抹灰保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)溫(wen)(wen)以(yi)及(ji)膠粉EPS顆粒保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)溫(wen)(wen)漿料(liao)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)溫(wen)(wen)。EPS板(ban)(ban)薄抹灰保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)溫(wen)(wen)將(jiang)EPS板(ban)(ban)薄作(zuo)(zuo)為主(zhu)要保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)溫(wen)(wen)材(cai)料(liao)，這(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)種(zhong)方(fang)式(shi)(shi)操作(zuo)(zuo)便(bian)捷(jie)，并且保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)溫(wen)(wen)效(xiao)(xiao)果(guo)比較(jiao)理(li)想，并且還(huan)可(ke)以(yi)通過調節EPS板(ban)(ban)厚度的方(fang)式(shi)(shi)來(lai)進一步提(ti)(ti)升(sheng)節能(neng)(neng)(neng)效(xiao)(xiao)果(guo)。EPS板(ban)(ban)的導熱(re)(re)(re)系(xi)(xi)數(shu)較(jiao)小(xiao)，因(yin)此(ci)其(qi)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)溫(wen)(wen)個人性能(neng)(neng)(neng)更(geng)佳。膠粉EPS顆粒保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)溫(wen)(wen)漿料(liao)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)溫(wen)(wen)主(zhu)要在剪力墻(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)結構體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)系(xi)(xi)中應(ying)(ying)用，采用這(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)種(zhong)方(fang)式(shi)(shi)，能(neng)(neng)(neng)夠提(ti)(ti)升(sheng)混凝土外(wai)墻(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)與保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)溫(wen)(wen)層(ceng)之間(jian)(jian)的粘結效(xiao)(xiao)果(guo)，因(yin)此(ci)可(ke)以(yi)更(geng)好地規(gui)避(bi)外(wai)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)溫(wen)(wen)層(ceng)脫(tuo)落的問題。

4、節材技術的應用

在(zai)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)過程(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)消耗(hao)(hao)量(liang)較大，因(yin)此需要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)注重對節(jie)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)技術的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)應(ying)用，降(jiang)低(di)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)浪(lang)費(fei)，提升(sheng)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)利(li)(li)(li)(li)用率(lv)，起(qi)到更(geng)好的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)節(jie)能效果。首先要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)保(bao)障設(she)計的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)科學性，在(zai)設(she)計階段秉持綠色建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)設(she)計理(li)(li)(li)念，合(he)理(li)(li)(li)選用建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)。在(zai)圖(tu)紙審(shen)核過程(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)則要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)重點進(jin)行材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)審(shen)核，確保(bao)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)利(li)(li)(li)(li)用率(lv)。在(zai)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)裝卸過程(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)避(bi)免對材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)造(zao)成(cheng)(cheng)損害，同(tong)時合(he)理(li)(li)(li)規劃施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)現場，將(jiang)(jiang)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)存(cun)放在(zai)方便取(qu)(qu)用的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)位置(zhi)，這樣(yang)可以(yi)減(jian)少材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)二次(ci)搬(ban)運造(zao)成(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)損耗(hao)(hao)。在(zai)施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)過程(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)加強(qiang)施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)管(guan)理(li)(li)(li)，保(bao)障施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)質量(liang)，避(bi)免因(yin)返(fan)工(gong)等問(wen)題造(zao)成(cheng)(cheng)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)浪(lang)費(fei)。在(zai)施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)還要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)加強(qiang)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)管(guan)理(li)(li)(li)，采取(qu)(qu)限額領(ling)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)方式，并(bing)做好相應(ying)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)記錄，這是規避(bi)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)浪(lang)費(fei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)重要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)措施(shi)(shi)(shi)。要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)重點關注材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)消耗(hao)(hao)量(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)環(huan)節(jie)，采取(qu)(qu)有效措施(shi)(shi)(shi)加強(qiang)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)管(guan)理(li)(li)(li)。在(zai)設(she)計與施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，應(ying)更(geng)多的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)選用綠色材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)以(yi)及可循環(huan)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)。要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)做好廢(fei)舊(jiu)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)回(hui)(hui)(hui)收(shou)再利(li)(li)(li)(li)用工(gong)作，結合(he)廢(fei)舊(jiu)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)類(lei)型(xing)，設(she)置(zhi)可回(hui)(hui)(hui)收(shou)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)清單，并(bing)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)立廢(fei)舊(jiu)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)可回(hui)(hui)(hui)收(shou)管(guan)理(li)(li)(li)辦法。注重對建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)垃(la)圾的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)處(chu)理(li)(li)(li)，盡量(liang)在(zai)工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)過程(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)對建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)垃(la)圾進(jin)行回(hui)(hui)(hui)收(shou)利(li)(li)(li)(li)用，提升(sheng)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)垃(la)圾的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)資源(yuan)化水平。例如，針對混凝土碎料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)，可以(yi)將(jiang)(jiang)其回(hui)(hui)(hui)收(shou)，并(bing)將(jiang)(jiang)其用于(yu)臨時施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)道路路基建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)之中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。再比如，針對墻體砌塊，可以(yi)將(jiang)(jiang)其回(hui)(hui)(hui)收(shou)并(bing)用于(yu)屋面找平或者用于(yu)地基回(hui)(hui)(hui)填等。這樣(yang)既能減(jian)少建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)垃(la)圾對環(huan)境(jing)造(zao)成(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)污染(ran)，也可以(yi)提升(sheng)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)垃(la)圾資源(yuan)化水平，進(jin)而降(jiang)低(di)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)能耗(hao)(hao)。

5、節水技術

節(jie)水(shui)(shui)(shui)技(ji)術的(de)應用(yong)(yong)主(zhu)要集中(zhong)在建筑工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)階(jie)段，節(jie)水(shui)(shui)(shui)技(ji)術主(zhu)要從提(ti)升(sheng)(sheng)水(shui)(shui)(shui)資(zi)源(yuan)利(li)(li)(li)用(yong)(yong)率(lv)和提(ti)升(sheng)(sheng)非傳(chuan)統水(shui)(shui)(shui)資(zi)源(yuan)利(li)(li)(li)用(yong)(yong)率(lv)兩(liang)方面入手。在建筑工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)過程(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)，很多環節(jie)水(shui)(shui)(shui)資(zi)源(yuan)消耗量(liang)較高，如(ru)混凝土的(de)養(yang)(yang)護(hu)等，因此要對(dui)(dui)高耗水(shui)(shui)(shui)量(liang)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)環節(jie)加強把控，提(ti)升(sheng)(sheng)節(jie)水(shui)(shui)(shui)效果。如(ru)針對(dui)(dui)混凝土的(de)養(yang)(yang)護(hu)，可(ke)(ke)以(yi)采(cai)用(yong)(yong)噴淋(lin)自(zi)動(dong)養(yang)(yang)護(hu)系統替代傳(chuan)統的(de)人工(gong)(gong)灑(sa)水(shui)(shui)(shui)的(de)方式，既能(neng)節(jie)水(shui)(shui)(shui)，也能(neng)節(jie)省人力。同時要注重對(dui)(dui)養(yang)(yang)護(hu)用(yong)(yong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)的(de)回(hui)收再利(li)(li)(li)用(yong)(yong)。要加強對(dui)(dui)雨(yu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)等非傳(chuan)統水(shui)(shui)(shui)資(zi)源(yuan)的(de)回(hui)收利(li)(li)(li)用(yong)(yong)，同時實現施(shi)工(gong)(gong)用(yong)(yong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)的(de)循環利(li)(li)(li)用(yong)(yong)，這些都(dou)是有效的(de)節(jie)水(shui)(shui)(shui)措(cuo)施(shi)，可(ke)(ke)以(yi)起到有效的(de)節(jie)水(shui)(shui)(shui)作用(yong)(yong)。